Highlights
- •Poor sleep quality is independently associated with both abdominal and general obesity.
- •Depression is an independent predictor of sarcopenia.
- •Short sleep duration is independently related to both general and sarcopenic obesity.
Abstract
Objectives
To analyze the association of depression and the quality and duration of sleep with
general and abdominal obesity, sarcopenia, and sarcopenic obesity (SO) in Spanish
middle-aged and older adults.
Study design and outcome measures
A total of 304 people (mean age 72.04 ± 7.88 years, 83.88 % women) participated in
this study. Body mass index, waist circumference, skeletal muscle mass index (bioelectrical
impedance analysis), and hand-grip strength were used to evaluate sarcopenia, obesity,
and SO. The Pittsburgh Sleep Quality Index was used to evaluate sleep quality. Sleep
duration (hours) was categorized as either short (<6), normal (6–8), or long (>8).
Depression was measured using the Hospital Anxiety and Depression Scale. Fatigue (Fatigue
Severity Scale), nutritional status (Mini Nutritional Assessment Survey) and physical
activity (PA) level (International Physical Activity Questionnaire-Short Form) were
also assessed. Independent associations were evaluated by multivariate logistic regressions.
Results
Only depression was associated with sarcopenia (OR = 1.10, 95 % CI = 1.02−1.19). Poorer
sleep quality (OR = 1.06, 95 % CI = 1.06−1.11) and short sleep duration (OR = 2.63,
95 % CI = 1.45−4.78) were related to general obesity, as well as fatigue and low PA
level. Poor sleep latency (OR = 1.43, 95 % CI = 1.09−1.87) was linked to abdominal
obesity, along with fatigue, low PA level, older age, and female sex. Finally, short
sleep duration (OR = 5.25, 95 % CI = 1.97−14.00), together with fatigue, low PA level,
and male sex were associated with OS.
Conclusion
Among Spanish middle-aged and older adults, after adjusting for potential confounding
variables, depression was uniquely associated with sarcopenia, while short sleep duration
was related to general and sarcopenic obesity, and poor sleep quality was linked to
general and abdominal obesity.
Abbreviations:
BIA (Bioelectrical impedance analysis), BMI (Body Mass Index), EWGSOP2 (European Working Group on Sarcopenia in Older People-2), HADS (Hospital Anxiety and Depression Scale), PSQI (Pittsburgh Sleep Quality Index), SM (Skeletal Muscle Mass), SMI (Skeletal Muscle Mass Index), SO (Sarcopenic Obesity), WC (Waist Circumference)Keywords
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Article info
Publication history
Published online: July 01, 2020
Accepted:
June 23,
2020
Received in revised form:
April 28,
2020
Received:
October 18,
2019
Identification
Copyright
© 2020 Elsevier B.V. All rights reserved.
