Highlights
- •Evidence on factors associated with sarcopenia have been inconsistent and limited to traditional factors.
- •The European Working Group on Sarcopenia has recently updated its guidelines to define sarcopenia, which has considerably reduced its prevalence.
- •In the present study, multiple sociodemographic, health, anthropometric and lifestyle factors were associated with sarcopenia.
- •Women, people aged over 65 years, those underweight and those with rheumatoid arthritis had the highest likelihood of sarcopenia.
Abstract
Introduction
The critical sociodemographic, lifestyle and diseases factors influencing sarcopenia,
defined by the current European Working Group on Sarcopenia 2 (EWGSOP2) classification
and cut-off points, have not yet been fully elucidated. This study aimed, therefore,
to determine sociodemographic, anthropometric, lifestyle and health-related factors
associated with sarcopenia using the new EWGSOP2 definition.
Study design
396,283 participants (52.8 % women, age 38–73 years) were included in this cross-sectional
study. The potential factors associated with sarcopenia were allocated to four categories:
sociodemographic (sex, age, education, income and professional qualification), anthropometric
(nutritional status, abdominal obesity, body fat and birth weight), lifestyle (physical
activity, smoking, sleeping, sitting time, TV viewing, alcohol, and dietary intakes)
and health status (self-reported prevalent diseases). P-values were corrected for
multiple testing using the Bonferroni method.
Results
Age, women, lower education, higher deprivation, underweight, lower birth weight,
and chronic diseases such as rheumatoid arthritis, chronic bronchitis and osteoporosis
were associated with a higher likelihood of sarcopenia. Conversely, overweight, obesity,
as well as a self-reported higher intake of energy, protein, vitamins (B12 and B9)
and minerals (potassium, calcium and magnesium) were associated with lower odds of
sarcopenia.
Conclusion
Women, people aged over 65 years, underweight people and those with rheumatoid arthritis
were most likely to have sarcopenia. Considering the increase in the ageing population,
sarcopenia is likely to become more prevalent. Identifying factors associated with
sarcopenia could inform future strategies for early identification of individuals
at high risk of sarcopenia and therefore the implementation of preventive strategies
against the disease.
Keywords
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Article info
Publication history
Published online: January 08, 2020
Accepted:
January 6,
2020
Received in revised form:
December 3,
2019
Received:
October 11,
2019
Identification
Copyright
© 2020 Elsevier B.V. All rights reserved.
