Highlights
- •A systematic review was performed to examine the association between sarcopenia and all-cause mortality among community-dwelling older people.
- •Sarcopenia is a significant predictor of all-cause mortality among community-dwelling older people.
- •It is important to diagnose sarcopenia and to intervene in order to reduce mortality rates in the elderly.
Abstract
The aim of this systematic review and meta-analysis was to examine the association
between sarcopenia and all-cause mortality among community-dwelling older people.
A systematic review was performed using three electronic databases (EMBASE, MEDLINE
and the Cochrane Library) to identify prospective cohort studies from January 2009
to February 2017 examining sarcopenia as a predictor of all-cause mortality among
community–dwelling older people. We conducted a pooled analysis of mortality associated
with sarcopenia, and subgroup analyses based on measurements of muscle mass and length
of follow-up by employing a random-effects model. Sensitivity analyses were performed
evaluate the cause of high heterogeneity. In addition, methodological quality, heterogeneity
and publication bias were evaluated.
Of 1703 studies identified, 6 studies incorporating 7367 individuals were included
in the meta-analysis for all-cause mortality. The pooled hazard ratios (HRs) of all-cause
mortality from the combination of included studies suggested participants with sarcopenia
had a significantly higher rate of mortality (pooled HR 1.60, 95%CI 1.24–2.06, I2 = 27.8%, p = 0.216) than participants without sarcopenia. The subgroup analysis for length of follow-up
suggested studies with a follow-up period of less than 5 years found a higher risk
of all-cause mortality (pooled HR 2.09, 95%CI 1.21–3.60) than studies with a follow-up
period of 5 years or more (pooled HR 1.52, 95%CI 1.14–2.01). A subgroup of anthropometric
measures was found to identify higher mortality risks (pooled HR 2.26, 95%CI 1.30–3.92)
than a subgroup of dual-energy x-ray (DXA) absorptiometry (pooled HR 1.82, 95%CI 1.04–3.18)
factors or a subgroup of bioelectrical impedance analysis (BIA) factors (pooled HR
1.31, 95%CI 1.15–1.49).
Sarcopenia is a predictor of all-cause mortality among community-dwelling older people.
Therefore, it is important to diagnose sarcopenia and to intervene, in order to reduce
mortality rates in the elderly.
Keywords
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Article info
Publication history
Published online: April 11, 2017
Accepted:
April 3,
2017
Received in revised form:
March 21,
2017
Received:
December 3,
2016
Identification
Copyright
© 2017 Published by Elsevier Ireland Ltd.
