Highlights
- •There is a lack of clarity around the relationship between oxidative stress and frailty.
- •Our review provides some cross-sectional evidence of increased oxidative stress among frail older people.
- •There is some preliminary evidence of lower anti-oxidant parameters (vitamin C, E, α-tocopherol, biological anti-oxidant potential, total thiol levels) in frailty.
Abstract
Objective
Oxidative stress (OS) is associated with accelerated aging. Previous studies have
suggested a possible relationship between OS and frailty but this association remains
unclear. We conducted a systematic review to investigate potential interactions between
OS and frailty.
Methods
A systematic literature search of original reports providing data on ‘OS and antioxidant’
parameters and frailty was carried out across major electronic databases from inception
until May 2016. Cross-sectional/case control and longitudinal studies reporting data
on the association between frailty and anti-oxidants-OS biomarkers were considered
for inclusion. Results were summarized with a synthesis based on the best evidence.
Results
From 1856 hits, 8 studies (cross-sectional/case control) were included (N = 6349; mean age of 75 ± 12 years; 56.4% females). Overall, there were 588 (=9.3%) frail, 3036 pre-frail (=47.8%),
40 (=0.6%) pre-frail/robust, and 2685 (=42.3%) robust subjects. Six cross-sectional/case
control studies demonstrated that frailty was associated with an increase in peripheral
OS biomarkers, including lipoprotein phospholipase A2 (1 study), isoprostanes (2 studies),
malonaldehyde (2 studies), 8-hydroxy-20-deoxyguanosine (2 studies), derivate of reactive
oxygen metabolites (2 studies), oxidized glutathione/glutathione (1 study), 4-hydroxy-2,3-nonenal
(1 study), and protein carbonylation levels (1 study). In addition, preliminary evidence
points to lower anti-oxidant parameters (vitamin C, E, α-tocopherol, biological anti-oxidant
potential, total thiol levels) in frailty.
Conclusion
Frailty and pre-frailty appear to be associated with higher OS and possibly lower
anti-oxidant parameters. However, due to the cross-sectional design, it is not possible
to disentangle the directionality of the relationships observed. Thus, future high-quality
and in particular longitudinal research is required to confirm or refute these relationships
and to further elucidate pathophysiological mechanisms.
Keywords
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Article info
Publication history
Published online: January 16, 2017
Accepted:
January 10,
2017
Received:
November 13,
2016
Identification
Copyright
© 2017 Elsevier B.V. All rights reserved.
