Highlights
- •We analyzed risk, severity, and frequency of hot flashes in peri-menopausal women.
- •A history of ever smoking increased risk, severity, and frequency of hot flashes.
- •Quitting smoking decreased risk, severity, and frequency of hot flashes.
- •Quitting smoking was only effective in decreasing hot flashes after 5 years.
Abstract
Epidemiological studies have shown that cigarette smoking is associated with an increased
risk of midlife hot flashes; however, the effect of quitting smoking on this risk
is unclear. The purpose of this study was to examine the effect of quitting smoking
on hot flashes using data from 761 women aged 45 to 54 years of age at baseline followed
for 1 to 7 years. Results showed that women who quit smoking were less likely to suffer
from hot flashes, less likely to have severe hot flashes, and less likely to have
frequent hot flashes than women who continued to smoke (OR = 0.55, 0.80, 0.76), but were more likely to suffer from any hot flashes, more severe
hot flashes, and more frequent hot flashes than women who never smoked (OR = 2.55, 1.68, 1.46). Subset analysis of the 353 women who had ever smoked found that
women who had quit smoking for longer than 5 years had significantly lower odds, severity,
and frequency of hot flashes than women who had continued smoking (OR = 0.36, 0.62, 0.63) or women who had quit in the previous 5 years (OR = 0.66, 0.77, 0.69). These findings suggest that that early smoking cessation programs
may improve women's well-being during the menopausal transition.
Keywords
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Article Info
Publication History
Published online: June 22, 2015
Accepted:
June 11,
2015
Received in revised form:
June 9,
2015
Received:
April 7,
2015
Identification
Copyright
© 2015 Elsevier Ireland Ltd. Published by Elsevier Inc. All rights reserved.
