Abstract
Interstitial cystitis, or painful bladder syndrome, is a condition characterized by
bladder pain, urinary frequency, urgency, and nocturia. The cause of the condition
remains obscure and it remains a diagnosis of exclusion. Current theories of pathogenesis
include a chronic or subclinical infection, autoimmunity, neurogenic inflammation
or bladder urothelial defects.
The definitions and terminology have undergone several proposed changes in the last
five years. The International Incontinence Society (ICS) provided a revised definition
of painful bladder syndrome (PBS) in 2002. The European Society for the Study of Interstitial
Cystitis (ESSIC) proposed a new nomenclature, “bladder pain syndrome”, and classification
system in 2008 for the same condition. Treatment strategies can be categorized broadly
into four different approaches: (i) intravesical drug instillation, (ii) systemic
(oral) medical therapy, (iii) administration of local treatments, and (iv) surgical
procedures for refractory disease. Intravesical drug instillation or oral therapies
are the mainstay of treatment.
Keywords
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Article info
Publication history
Published online: October 08, 2009
Accepted:
September 22,
2009
Received:
September 15,
2009
Identification
Copyright
© 2009 Elsevier Ireland Ltd. Published by Elsevier Inc. All rights reserved.
