Bone mineral density in postmenopausal women with endometrial cancer

Objective: The aim of the study was to investigate the relationship between endometrial cancer and bone mineral density (BMD). Materials and methods: A total of 55 postmenopausal Japanese women with well-differentiated adenocarcinoma and 284 age-matched healthy women were studied. Baseline characteristics including age, age at menopause, years since menopause (YSM), weight, height, body mass index (BMI), prior menstrual history, parity, and fertility were recorded for each subject. Lumbar spine BMD (L2-4), and body fat indices including body fat mass amount and percent body fat were measured by dual-energy X-ray absorptiometry. These variables were compared between the two groups. In all subjects (n=339), correlations of BMD with the presence of endometrial cancer, baseline characteristics, and body fat indices were investigated, using univariate and multiple regression analyses. Results: BMD, weight, BMI, body fat mass amount, and percent body fat were significantly higher in women with endometrial cancer. Other baseline characteristics did not differ between the two groups. Age at menopause, height, weight, BMI, percent body fat, and body fat mass amount were positively correlated with BMD, while age and YSM were inversely correlated with BMD. After adjusting for age, YSM, and height, the presence of endometrial cancer was still correlated with BMD (P<0.05). However, after adding body fat mass amount to these three adjusted variables, there was no correlation between the presence of endometrial cancer and BMD. Conclusion: Women with endometrial cancer have a high BMD. This is attributable to high body fat mass amount in this disease.