Maturitas
Volume 57, Issue 4 , Pages 415-421 , 20 August 2007

Endometrial polyps in pre- and postmenopausal women: Factors associated with malignancy

  • A. Antunes Jr.

      Affiliations

    • Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, School of Medical Science, Universidade Estadual de Campinas, Rua Alexander Flemming, 101, 13081-970 Campinas, São Paulo, Brazil
    • ,
  • L. Costa-Paiva

      Affiliations

    • Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, School of Medical Science, Universidade Estadual de Campinas, Rua Alexander Flemming, 101, 13081-970 Campinas, São Paulo, Brazil
    • Corresponding Author InformationCorresponding author. Tel.: +55 19 3521 9306; fax: +55 19 3521 9354.
    • ,
  • M. Arthuso

      Affiliations

    • School of Medical Science, Universidade Estadual de Campinas, Campinas, São Paulo, Brazil
    • ,
  • J.V. Costa

      Affiliations

    • Center for Women's Integrated Healthcare (CAISM), Campinas, São Paulo, Brazil
    • ,
  • A.M. Pinto-Neto

      Affiliations

    • Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, School of Medical Science, Universidade Estadual de Campinas, Rua Alexander Flemming, 101, 13081-970 Campinas, São Paulo, Brazil

Received 8 November 2006 ,Revised 26 April 2007 ,Accepted 28 April 2007.

References 

  1. Sherman ME, Mazur MT, Kurman RJ. Benign diseases of the endometrium. In:  Kurman RJ editors. Blaustein's pathology of the female genital tract. New York: Springer-Verlag; 2002;p. 421–426
  2. Peterson WF, Novak ER . Endometrial polyps. Obstet Gynecol. 1956;8:40–49
  3. Hileeto D, Fadare O, Martel M, Zheng W. Age dependent association of endometrial polyps with increased risk of cancer involvement. World J Surg Oncol. 2005;3(1):8
  4. Orvieto R, Bar-Hava I, Dicker D, Bar J, Ben-Rafael Z, Neri A. Endometrial polyps during menopause: characterization and significance. Acta Obstet Gynecol Scand. 1999;78:883–886
  5. Anastasiadis PG, Koutlaki NG, Skaphida PG, Galazios GC, Tsikouras PN, Liberis VA. Endometrial polyps: prevalence, detection, and malignant potential in women with abnormal uterine bleeding. Eur J Gynaecol Oncol. 2000;21:180–183
  6. Goldstein SR, Monteagudo A, Popiolek D, Mayberry P, Timor-Tritsch I. Evaluation of endometrial polyps. Am J Obstet Gynecol. 2002;186:669–674
  7. Savelli L, De Iacco P, Santini D, et al. Histopathologic features and risk factors for benignity, hyperplasia, and cancer in endometrial polyps. Am J Obstet Gynecol. 2003;188:927–931
  8. Fernandez-Parra J, Rodriguez Oliver A, Lopez Criado S, Parrilla Fernandez F, Montoya Ventoso F. Hysteroscopic evaluation of endometrial polyps. Int J Gynaecol Obstet. 2006;95(2):144–148
  9. Ben-Arie A, Goldchmit C, Laviv Y, et al. The malignant potential of endometrial polyps. Eur J Obstet Gynecol Reprod Biol. 2004;115:206–210
  10. Shushan A, Revel A, Rojansky N. How often are endometrial polyps malignant?. Gynecol Obstet Invest. 2004;58:212–215
  11. Martinez MA, Jou P, Nonell R, Cardona M, Alonso I, Vanrell JA. Pólipos endometriales: riesgo de malignización y correlación clínico-anatómica. Prog Obstet Ginecol. 2004;47:506–510
  12. Oguz S, Sargin A, Kelekci S, Aytan H, Tapisiz OL, Mollamahmutoglu L. The role of hormone replacement therapy in endometrial polyp formation. Maturitas. 2005;50:231–236
  13. Tjarks M, Van Voorhis B. Treatment of endometrial polyps. Obstet Gynecol. 2000;96:886–889
  14. Kurman RJ. Blaustein's pathology of the female genital tract. 5th ed.. New York: Springer-Verlag; 2002;
  15. Garuti G, Sambruni I, Colonnelli M, Luerti M. Accuracy of hysteroscopy in predicting histopathology of endometrium in 1500 women. J Am Assoc Gynecol Laparosc. 2001;8:207–213
  16. Machtinger R, Korach J, Padoa A, et al. Transvaginal ultrasound and diagnostic hysteroscopy as a predictor of endometrial polyps: risk factors for premalignancy and malignancy. Int J Gynecol Cancer. 2005;15:325–328
  17. Sant’Ana de Almeida EC, Nogueira AA, Candido dos Reis FJ, Zambelli Ramalho LN, Zucoloto S. Immunohistochemical expression of estrogen and progesterone receptors in endometrial polyps and adjacent endometrium in postmenopausal women. Maturitas. 2004;49:229–233
  18. Belisário MS, Vassallo J, Andrade LA, Alvarenga M, Pinto GA, Monteiro IM. The expression of the hormone receptors in the endometrium and endometrium polyps in postmenopausal women and its relationship to body mass index. Maturitas. 2006;53:114–118
  19. (a)McGurgan P, Taylor LJ, Duffy SR, O’Donovan PJ. Are endometrial polyps from pre-menopausal women similar to post-menopausal women? An immunohistochemical comparison of endometrial polyps from pre and post-menopausal women. Maturitas. 2006;54:277–284(b)McGurgan P, Taylor LJ, Duffy SR, O’Donovan PJ. An immunohistochemical comparison of endometrial polyps from postmenopausal women exposed and not exposed to HRT. Maturitas. 2006;53:454–461
  20. Bergman L, Beelen ML, Gallee MP, Hollema H, Benraadt J, van Leeuwen FE. Risk and prognosis of endometrial cancer after tamoxifen for breast cancer. Comprehensive Cancer Centres’ ALERT Group. Assessment of liver and endometrial cancer risk following tamoxifen. Lancet. 2000;356:881–887

PII: S0378-5122(07)00167-3

doi: 10.1016/j.maturitas.2007.04.010

Maturitas
Volume 57, Issue 4 , Pages 415-421 , 20 August 2007

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