Maturitas
Volume 57, Issue 1 , Pages 20-22 , 20 May 2007

Alterations in the human brain in menopause

  • T.A. Ishunina

      Affiliations

    • Netherlands Institute for Neuroscience, Amsterdam, The Netherlands
    • Department of Histology and Embryology, Kursk State Medical University, Kursk, Russia
    • Corresponding Author InformationCorresponding author at: Netherlands Institute for Neuroscience, Amsterdam, The Netherlands.
    • ,
  • D.F. Swaab

      Affiliations

    • Netherlands Institute for Neuroscience, Amsterdam, The Netherlands

References 

  1. Ishunina TA, Swaab DF. Neurohypophyseal peptides in aging and Alzheimer's disease. Ageing Res Rev. 2002;1:537–558
  2. Rance NE, McMullen NT, Smialek JE, Price DL, Young WS. Postmenopausal hypertrophy of neurons expressing the estrogen receptor gene in the human hypothalamus. J Clin Endocrinol Metab. 1990;71:79–85
  3. Abel TW, Rance NE. Stereologic study of the hypothalamic infundibular nucleus in young and older women. J Comp Neurol. 2000;424:679–688
  4. Ishunina TA, Kamphorst W, Swaab DF. Changes in metabolic activity and estrogen receptors in the human medial mamillary nucleus: relation to sex, aging and Alzheimer's disease. Neurobiol Aging. 2003;24:817–828
  5. Ishunina TA, Fischer DF, Swaab DF. Estrogen receptor α and its splice variants in the hippocampus in aging and Alzheimer's disease. Neurobiol Aging. 2006;(September (26)):[Epub ahead of print]
  6. Rance NE, Uswandi SV. Gonadotropin releasing hormone gene expression is increased in the medial basal hypothalamus of postmenopausal women. J Clin Endocrinol Metab. 1996;81:3540–3546
  7. Escobar CM, Krajewski SJ, Sandoval-Gurman T, Voytko ML, Rance NE. Neuropeptide Y gene expression is increased in the hypothalamus of older women. J Clin Endocrinol Metab. 2004;89:2338–2343
  8. Ishunina TA, van Beurden D, van der Meulen G, et al. Diminished aromatase immunoreactivity in the hypothalamus, but not in the basal forebrain nuclei in Alzheimer's disease. Neurobiol Aging. 2005;26:173–194
  9. Swaab DF. The human hypothalamus: basic and clinical aspects. Part I. Nuclei of the human hypothalamus. In:  Aminoff MJ,  Boller F,  Swaab DF editor. Handbook of clinical neurology, vol. 79. Elsevier; 2003;p. 502;[3rd series, vol. 1]
  10. Simon T. Why is cardiovascular help important in menopausal women?. Climacteric. 2006;9(Suppl. 1):13–18
  11. Dustan HP. Gender differences in hypertension. J Hum Hypertens. 1996;10:337–340
  12. Nordby G, Os I, Kjeldsen SE, Eide I. Mild essential hypertension in nonobese premenopausal women is characterized by low renin. Am J Hypertens. 1992;5:579–584
  13. Zhang X, Hense HW, Riegger GA, Schunkert H. Association of arginine vasopressin and arterial blood pressure in a population-based sample. J Hypertens. 1999;17:319–324
  14. Share L, Crofton JT, Ouchi Y. Vasopressin: sexual dimorphism in secretion, cardiovascular actions and hypertension. Am J Med Sci. 1988;295:314–319
  15. Ishunina TA, Swaab DF, Fischer DF. Estrogen receptor-α splice variants in the medial mamillary nucleus of Alzheimer's disease patients: identification of a novel MB1 isoform. J Clin Endocrinol Metab. 2005;90:3757–3765

PII: S0378-5122(07)00065-5

doi: 10.1016/j.maturitas.2007.02.009

Maturitas
Volume 57, Issue 1 , Pages 20-22 , 20 May 2007

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